Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva - patient leaflet, side effects, dosage

- If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4.

What is in this leaflet

• 1. What Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva is and what it is used for

• 2. What you need to know before you take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

• 3. How to take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

• 4. Possible side effects

• 5. How to store Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

• 6. Contents of the pack and other information

If Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva has been prescribed for your child, please note that all the information in this leaflet is addressed to your child (in this case please read “your child” instead of “you”).

1. What Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva is and what it is used for

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva contains the active substance tenofovir disoproxil. This active substance is an antiretroviral or antiviral medicine which is used to treat HIV or HBV infection or both. Tenofovir is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, generally known as an NRTI and works by interfering with the normal working of enzymes (in HIV reverse transcriptase; in hepatitis B DNA polymerase) that are essential for the viruses to reproduce themselves. In HIV Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva should always be used combined with other medicines to treat HIV infection.

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva is a treatment for HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection. The tablets are suitable for:

• adults
• adolescents aged 12 to less than 18 years who have already been treated with other HIV medicines which are no longer fully effective due to development of resistance, or have caused side effects.
• Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva is also a treatment for chronic hepatitis B, an infection with HBV (hepatitis B virus). The tablets are suitable for: adults
• adolescents aged 12 to less than 18 years.

You do not have to have HIV to be treated with Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva for HBV.

This medicine is not a cure for HIV infection. While taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva you may still develop infections or other illnesses associated with HIV infection.

You can also pass on HIV or HBV to others, so it is important to take precautions to avoid infecting other people.

2. What you need to know before you take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

Do not take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

• If you are allergic to tenofovir, tenofovir disoproxil phosphate or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6).

If this applies to you, tell your doctor immediately and do not take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva.

Warnings and precautions

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

• Take care not to infect other people. You can still pass on HIV when taking this medicine, although the risk is lowered by effective antiretroviral therapy. Discuss with your doctor the precautions needed to avoid infecting other people. Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva does not reduce the risk of passing on HBV to others through sexual contact or blood contamination. You must continue to take precautions to avoid this.
• Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you have had kidney disease or if tests have shown problems with your kidneys. Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva should not be given to adolescents with existing kidney problems. Before starting treatment, your doctor may order blood tests to assess your kidney function. Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva may affect your kidneys during treatment. Your doctor may order blood tests during treatment to monitor how your kidneys work. If you are an adult, your doctor may advise you to take the tablets less often. Do not reduce the prescribed dose, unless your doctor has told you to do so.

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva is not usually taken with other medicines that can damage your kidneys (see Other medicines and Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva). If this is unavoidable, your doctor will monitor your kidney function once a week.

• Bone problems. Some adult patients with HIV taking combination antiretroviral therapy may develop a bone disease called osteonecrosis (death of bone tissue caused by loss of blood supply to the bone). The length of combination antiretroviral therapy, corticosteroid use, alcohol consumption, severe immunosuppression, higher body mass index, among others, may be some of the many risk factors for developing this disease. Signs of osteonecrosis are joint stiffness, aches and pains (especially of the hip, knee and shoulder) and difficulty in movement. If you notice any of these symptoms tell your doctor.

For adult patients:

Bone problems (manifesting as persistent or worsening bone pain and sometimes resulting in fractures) may also occur due to damage to kidney tubule cells (see section 4, Possible side effects). Tell your doctor if you have bone pain or fractures.

Tenofovir disoproxil may also cause loss of bone mass. The most pronounced bone loss was seen in clinical studies when patients were treated with tenofovir disoproxil in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor.

Overall, the effects of tenofovir disoproxil on long-term bone health and future fracture risk in adult and paediatric patients are uncertain.

Tell your doctor if you know you suffer from osteoporosis. Patients with osteoporosis are at a higher risk for fractures.

For adolescents/pa­ediatric patients:

Bone problems (manifesting as persistent or worsening bone pain and sometimes resulting in fractures) may also occur due to damage to kidney tubule cells (see section 4, Possible side effects). Tell your child’s doctor if your child has bone pain or fractures.

Tenofovir disoproxil may also cause loss of bone mass. The most pronounced bone loss was seen in clinical studies when patients were treated with tenofovir disoproxil in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor.

Overall, the effects of tenofovir disoproxil on long term bone health and future fracture risk in adult and paediatric patients are uncertain.

Tell your child’s doctor if your child suffers from osteoporosis. Patients with osteoporosis are at a higher risk for fractures.

• Talk to your doctor if you have a history of liver disease, including hepatitis.

Patients with liver disease including chronic hepatitis B or C, who are treated with antiretrovirals, have a higher risk of severe and potentially fatal liver complications. If you have hepatitis B infection, your doctor will carefully consider the best treatment for you. If you have a history of liver disease or chronic hepatitis B infection your doctor may conduct blood tests to monitor your liver function.

• Look out for infections. If you have advanced HIV infection (AIDS) and have an infection, you may develop symptoms of infection and inflammation or worsening of the symptoms of an existing infection once treatment with Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva is started. These symptoms may indicate that your body’s improved immune system is fighting infection. Look out for signs of inflammation or infection soon after you start taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva. If you notice signs of inflammation or infection, tell your doctor at once.

In addition to the opportunistic infections, autoimmune disorders (a condition that occurs when the immune system attacks healthy body tissue) may also occur after you start taking medicines for the treatment of your HIV infection. Autoimmune disorders may occur many months after the start of treatment. If you notice any symptoms of infection or other symptoms such as muscle weakness, weakness beginning in the hands and feet and moving up towards the trunk of the body, palpitations, tremor or hyperactivity, please inform your doctor immediately to seek necessary treatment.

• Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you are over 65. Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva has not

been studied in patients over 65 years of age. If you are older than this and are prescribed Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva, your doctor will monitor you carefully.

Children and adolescents

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva is suitable for:

• HIV-1 infected adolescents aged 12 to less than 18 years who weigh at least 35 kg and who have already been treated with other HIV medicines which are no longer fully effective due to development of resistance, or have caused side effects
• HBV infected adolescents aged 12 to less than 18 years who weigh at least 35 kg.

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva is not suitable for the following groups:

• Not for HIV-1 infected children under 12 years of age.
• Not for HBV infected children under 12 years of age.

For dosage see section 3, How to take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva.

Other medicines and Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines.

• Do not stop any anti-HIV medicines prescribed by your doctor when you start Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva if you have both HBV and HIV.
• Do not take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva if you are already taking other medicines containing tenofovir disoproxil or tenofovir alafenamide. Do not take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva together with medicines containing adefovir dipivoxil (a medicine used to treat chronic hepatitis B).
• It is very important to tell your doctor if you are taking other medicines that may damage your kidneys.

These include:

• – aminoglycosides, pentamidine or vancomycin (for bacterial infection)

• – amphotericin B (for fungal infection)

• – foscarnet, ganciclovir, or cidofovir (for viral infection)

• – interleukin-2 (to treat cancer)

• – adefovir dipivoxil (for HBV)

• – tacrolimus (for suppression of the immune system)

• – non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, to relieve bone or muscle pains)

• Other medicines containing didanosine (for HIV infection): Taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva with other antiviral medicines that contain didanosine can raise the levels of didanosine in your blood and may reduce CD4 cell counts. Rarely, inflammation of the pancreas and lactic acidosis (excess lactic acid in the blood), which sometimes caused death, have been reported when medicines containing tenofovir disoproxil and didanosine were taken together. Your doctor will carefully consider whether to treat you with combinations of tenofovir and didanosine
• It is also important to tell your doctor if you are taking ledipasvir/so­fosbuvir, sofosbuvir/vel­patasvir or sofosbuvir/vel­patasvir/voxi­laprevir to treat hepatitis C infection.

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva with food and drink

Take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva with food (for example, a meal or a snack).

Pregnancy, breast-feeding and fertility

If you are pregnant or breast-feeding, think you may be pregnant or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking this medicine.

• If you have taken Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva during your pregnancy, your doctor may request regular blood tests and other diagnostic tests to monitor the development of your child. In children whose mothers took NRTIs during pregnancy, the benefit from the protection against HIV outweighed the risk of side effects.

For adult patients:

• If you are a mother with HBV, and your baby has been given treatment to prevent hepatitis B transmission at birth, you may be able to breast-feed your infant, but first talk to your doctor to get more information.
• If you are a mother with HIV do not breast-feed, to avoid passing the virus to the baby in breast milk.

For adolescents/pa­ediatric patients:

• If your child has HBV, and their baby has been given treatment to prevent hepatitis B transmission at birth, your child may be able to breast-feed their infant, but first talk to your child’s doctor to get more information.
• If your child has HIV they must not breast-feed, to avoid passing the virus to the baby in breast milk.

Driving and using machines

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva can cause dizziness. If you feel dizzy while taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva, do not drive or ride a bicycle and do not use any tools or machines.

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva contains lactose monohydrate

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva contains lactose monohydrate. If you have been told by your doctor that you have an intolerance to some sugars, contact your doctor before taking this medicinal product.

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva contains sodium

This medicine contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per tablet, that is to say essentially ‘sodium-free’.

3. How to take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

Always take this medicine exactly as your doctor or pharmacist has told you. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.

The recommended dose is:

• Adults: One tablet each day with food (for example, a meal or a snack).
• Adolescents aged 12 to less than 18 years who weigh at least 35 kg: one tablet each day with food (for example, a meal or a snack).

If you have particular difficulty swallowing, you can use the tip of a spoon to crush the tablet. Then mix the powder with about 100 ml (half a glass) of water, orange juice or grape juice and drink immediately.

• Always take the dose recommended by your doctor. This is to make sure that your medicine is fully effective, and to reduce the risk of developing resistance to the treatment. Do not change the dose unless your doctor tells you to.

If you are an adult and have problems with your kidneys, your doctor may advise you to take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva less frequently.

• If you have HBV your doctor may offer you an HIV test to see if you have both HBV and HIV.

Refer to the patient information leaflets of the other antiretrovirals for guidance on how to take those medicines.

If you take more Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva than you should

If you accidentally take too many Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva tablets, you may be at increased risk of experiencing possible side effects with this medicine (see section 4, Possible side effects). Contact your doctor or nearest emergency department for advice. Keep the tablet bottle with you so that you can easily describe what you have taken.

If you forget to take Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

It is important not to miss a dose of Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva.

If you miss a dose of Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva, work out how long since you should have taken it.

• If it is less than 12 hours after it is usually taken, take it as soon as you can, and then take your next dose at its regular time.
• If it is more than 12 hours since you should have taken it, forget about the missed dose. Wait and take the next dose at the regular time. Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten tablet.

If you throw up less than 1 hour after taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva, take another tablet. You do not need to take another tablet if you were sick more than 1 hour after taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva.

If you stop taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

Do not stop taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva without your doctor’s advice. Stopping treatment with Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva may reduce the effectiveness of the treatment recommended by your doctor.

If you have hepatitis B or HIV and hepatitis B together (co-infection), it is very important not to stop your Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva treatment without talking to your doctor first. Some patients have had blood tests or symptoms indicating that their hepatitis has got worse after stopping Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva. You may require blood tests for several months after stopping treatment. In some patients with advanced liver disease or cirrhosis, stopping treatment is not recommended as this may lead to worsening of your hepatitis.

• Talk to your doctor before you stop taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva for any reason, particularly if you are experiencing any side effects or you have another illness.
• Tell your doctor immediately about new or unusual symptoms after you stop treatment, particularly symptoms you associate with hepatitis B infection.
• Contact your doctor before you restart taking Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva tablets.

If you have any further questions on the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Possible side effects

During HIV therapy there may be an increase in weight and in levels of blood lipids and glucose. This is partly linked to restored health and life style, and in the case of blood lipids sometimes to the HIV medicines themselves. Your doctor will test for these changes.

Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

Possible serious side effects: tell your doctor immediately

• Lactic acidosis (excess lactic acid in the blood) is a rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people) but serious side effect that can be fatal. The following side effects may be signs of lactic acidosis: deep, rapid breathing,
• drowsiness,
• feeling sick (nausea), being sick (vomiting) and stomach pain.

If you think that you may have lactic acidosis, contact your doctor immediately.

Other possible serious side effects

The following side effects are uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people):

• pain in the tummy (abdomen) caused by inflammation of the pancreas,
• damage to kidney tubule cells.

The following side effects are rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people):

• inflammation of the kidney, passing a lot of urine and feeling thirsty,
• changes to your urine and back pain caused by kidney problems, including kidney failure,
• softening of the bones (with bone pain and sometimes resulting in fractures), which may occur

due to damage to kidney tubule cells,

• fatty liver.

If you think that you may have any of these serious side effects, talk to your doctor.

Most frequent side effects

The following side effects are very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people):

• diarrhoea,
• being sick (vomiting),
• feeling sick (nausea),
• dizziness,
• rash,
• feeling weak.

Tests may also show:

• decreases in phosphate in the blood.

Other possible side effects

The following side effects are common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people):

• headache,
• stomach pain,
• feeling tired,
• feeling bloated,
• flatulence.

Tests may also show:

• liver problems.

The following side effects are uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people):

• breakdown of muscle, muscle pain or weakness.

Tests may also show:

• decreases in potassium in the blood,
• increased creatinine in your blood,
• pancreas problems.

The breakdown of muscle, softening of the bones (with bone pain and sometimes resulting in fractures), muscle pain, muscle weakness and decreases in potassium or phosphate in the blood may occur due to damage to kidney tubule cells.

The following side effects are rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people):

• pain in the tummy (abdomen) caused by inflammation of the liver,
• swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat.

Reporting of side effects

If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the national reporting system listed in By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

5. How to store Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva

Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.

Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on the bottle and carton after EXP. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.

Use within 60 days after first opening. Do not store above 30 °C. Store in the original package in order to protect from moisture.

Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help protect the environment.

6. Contents of the pack and other information

What Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva contains

• – The active substance is tenofovir. Each tablet contains tenofovir disoproxil phosphate (equivalent to 245 mg of tenofovir disoproxil).

• – The other ingredients are:

What Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva looks like and contents of the pack

Tenofovir disoproxil Zentiva 245 mg film-coated tablets are oblong-shaped, light blue colored film-coated tablets with dimensions approx. 17.2 × 8.2 mm.

The following pack sizes are available:

Outer cartons containing 1 bottle of 30 film-coated tablets and 3 bottles of 30 film-coated tablets.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Open bottles by pressing the child proof cap down and turning it counter-clock wise.

Each bottle contains a silica gel desiccant that must be kept in the bottle to help protect your tablets. The silica gel desiccant is contained in a separate container and should not be swallowed.

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This leaflet was last revised in

Detailed information on this medicine is available on the European Medicines Agency web site: