Summary of medicine characteristics - Senstend
1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
Senstend 150 mg/ml + 50 mg/ml cutaneous spray, solution
2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION
Each ml of solution contains 150 mg lidocaine and 50 mg prilocaine.
Each actuation delivers 50 microlitres which contains 7.5 mg lidocaine and 2.5 mg prilocaine.
Each container of 6.5 ml delivers a minimum of 20 doses.
Each container of 5 ml delivers a minimum of 12 doses.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM
Cutaneous spray, solution
Colourless to light yellow solution
4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS4.1 Therapeutic indications
Senstend is indicated for the treatment of primary premature ejaculation in adult men.
4.2 Posology and method of administration
Posology
The recommended dose is 3 actuations applied to cover the glans penis. Each dose consists of a total of 22.5 mg lidocaine and 7.5 mg prilocaine per application (1 dose is equal to 3 actuations).
A maximum of 3 doses can be used within 24 hours with at least 4 hours between doses.
Special populations
Elderly
Dosage adjustments are not required in the elderly.
There is limited data on the efficacy and safety of Senstend in patients 65 years and over.
Renal impairment
Clinical studies have not been performed in patients with impaired renal function, however due to its method of administration and very low systemic absorption, no dosage adjustment is required.
Hepatic impairment
Clinical studies have not been performed in patients with impaired hepatic function, however due to its method of administration and very low systemic absorption, no dosage adjustment is required. Caution is advised in case of severe hepatic impairment (see section 4.4).
Paediatric population
There is no relevant use of Senstend in the paediatric population for the indication of treatment of primary premature ejaculation in adult men.
Method of administration
Cutaneous use.
Senstend is only indicated for application to the glans penis.
Before initial use, the spray container should be briefly shaken and then primed by spraying it into the air three times.
Before each subsequent use, it should be briefly shaken and then the spray container should be re-primed by spraying it once.
Any foreskin should be retracted from the glans penis. Once the can is held upright (valve up), 1 dose of Senstend should be applied to the entire glans penis, by actuating the valve 3 times. One third of the glans penis should be covered with each actuation. After 5 minutes any excess spray should be wiped off prior to intercourse.
4.3 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity of the patient or their partner to the active substances or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
Patients or their partner with a known history of sensitivity to local anaesthetics of the amide type.
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Anaemia related conditions
Patients or their partner with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency or congenital or idiopathic methaemoglobinaemia are more susceptible to medicinal product-induced methaemoglobinaemia (see section 4.5).
Although the systemic availability of prilocaine by cutaneous absorption of Senstend is low, caution should be exercised in patients with anaemia, congenital or acquired methaemoglobinaemia or patients on concomitant therapy known to produce such conditions.
Interactions
Patients on anti-arrhythmic medicinal products class III (e.g. amiodarone) should be treated with caution.
Hypersensitivities
Patients allergic to paraaminobenzoic acid derivatives (procaine, tetracaine, benzocaine, etc.) have not shown cross sensitivity to lidocaine and/or prilocaine; however, Senstend should be used with caution in patients with a history (or partner with a history) of sensitivities to medicinal products, especially if the aetiologic medicinal product is uncertain.
Precautions for use
Care should be taken not to allow Senstend to come in contact with the eye, as it may cause eye irritation. Also the loss of protective reflexes can permit corneal irritation and potential abrasion. Absorption of Senstend in conjunctival tissues has not been determined. If contact with the eye occurs, immediately rinse the eye with water or sodium chloride solution and protect it until sensation returns.
Senstend sprayed onto mucous membranes of the patient or their partner, such as the mouth, nose and throat, or transferred onto female genitalia or anal lining, could be absorbed and temporary local numbness/anaesthesia is likely to result. This hypoaesthesia may mask normal pain sensations and, therefore, increase the dangers of localised injury.
Senstend sprayed onto a damaged tympanic membrane may cause ototoxicity of the middle ear.
Deterioriation was observed when Senstend was used with polyurethane-based female and male condoms.
A higher rate of erectile dysfunction and male genital hypoaesthesia may be experienced when using Senstend with male condoms.
Due to the risk of partner transfer, patients hoping to achieve conception should either avoid using Senstend, or, if it is essential to achieve penetration, should wash the glans penis as thoroughly as possible 5 minutes after applying the spray but prior to intercourse (see section 4.6).
Patients with severe hepatic impairment
Patients with severe hepatic disease, because of their inability to metabolise local anaesthetics normally, are at greater risk of developing toxic plasma concentrations of lidocaine and prilocaine (see section 4.2).
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
Methaemoglobinaemia may be accentuated in patients already taking medicinal products known to induce the condition, e.g. sulphonamides, acetanilid, aniline dyes, benzocaine, chloroquine, dapsone, metoclopramide, naphthalene, nitrates and nitrites, nitrofurantoin, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, pamaquine, para-aminosalicylic acid, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primaquine and quinine (see section 4.4).
The risk of additional systemic toxicity should be considered when large doses of Senstend are applied to patients already using other local anaesthetics or structurally related medicinal products, e.g. class I anti-arrhythmics such as mexiletine.
Specific interaction studies with lidocaine/prilocaine and anti-arrhythmic medicinal products class III (e.g. amiodarone) have not been performed, but caution is advised (see also section 4.4).
Medicinal products that reduce the clearance of lidocaine (e.g. cimetidine or betablockers) may cause potentially toxic plasma concentrations when lidocaine is given intravenously in repeated high doses over a long time period (30 hours).
In vitro interaction studies with topical antifungal (clotrimazole, econazole, imidazole, nystatin, miconazole, ketoconazole), antibacterial (clindamycin, metronidazole) and antiviral medicinal products (acyclovir), showed no effect on antimicrobial activity.
4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
Senstend is not indicated for use by women. However, there may be some exposure in female partners of men treated with Senstend.
Women of childbearing potential / contraception in male and females
Patients hoping to achieve conception should either avoid using Senstend, or, if it is essential to achieve penetration, should wash the glans penis as thoroughly as possible prior to intercourse.
Pregnancy
There are no or limited amount of data from the use of lidocaine and prilocaine in pregnant women. Animal studies do not indicate reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3). As a precautionary measure, it is preferable to avoid the use of Senstend during pregnancy unless effective male barrier contraceptive measures are taken in order to avoid potential foetal exposure.
Breast-feeding
Lidocaine and prilocaine are excreted in human milk, but at therapeutic doses of Senstend no effects on the breastfed newborns/infants are anticipated due to active substance transfer from the male patient to his female partner.
Fertility
There are no adequate data from the use of lidocaine and prilocaine on fertility in humans. A study in rats showed that Senstend caused a reduction in sperm motility. This medicinal product may reduce the possibility of pregnancy, but should not be used as a contraceptive.
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
Senstend has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines.
4.8 Undesirable effects
Summary of the safety profile
The most frequent adverse reactions reported with the use of this medicinal product in male patients were local effects of genital hypoaesthesia (4.5%) and erectile dysfunction (4.4%). These adverse reactions caused discontinuation of treatment in 0.2% and 0.5% of patients, respectively.
The most frequent adverse reactions reported with the use of this medicinal product in female partners were vulvovaginal burning sensation (3.9%), and genital hypoaesthesia (1.0%). Vulvovaginal discomfort or burning sensation caused discontinuation of treatment in 0.3% of subjects.
Tabulated list of adverse reactions
Frequency of the adverse reactions is defined as: very common (> 1/10), common (> 1/100 to < 1/10), uncommon (> 1/1,000 to < 1/100), rare (> 1/10,000 to < 1/1,000), very rare (< 1/10,000), not known (cannot be estimated from the available data). Within each frequency grouping, adverse reactions are presented in order of decreasing incidence.
| Adverse drug reactions in male glans-penis-treated subjects | ||
| System Organ Class | Frequency | Adverse Reactions |
| Psychiatric disorders | Uncommon | Abnormal orgasm |
| Nervous system disorders | Uncommon | Headache |
| Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Uncommon | Throat irritation |
| Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | Uncommon | Skin irritation |
| Reproductive system and breast disorders | Common | Hypoaesthesia of male genital, erectile dysfunction, genital burning sensation |
| Uncommon | Genital erythema, ejaculation failure, paraesthesia of male genital, penile pain, penis disorder, pruritus genital | |
| General disorders and administration site conditions | Uncommon | Pyrexia |
| Adverse drug reactions in female partners | ||
| System Organ Class | Frequency | Adverse Reactions |
| Infections and infestations | Uncommon | Vaginal candidiasis |
| Nervous system disorders | Uncommon | Headache |
| Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | Uncommon | Throat irritation |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | Uncommon | Anorectal discomfort, oral parasthesia |
| Renal and urinary disorders | Uncommon | Dysuria |
| Reproductive system and breast disorders | Common | Vulvovaginal burning sensation, hypoaesthesia |
| Uncommon | Vulvovaginal discomfort, vaginal pain, vulvovaginal pruritus | |
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the national reporting system listed in
4.9 Overdose
As Senstend is applied topically to the glans penis the risk of overdose is low.
Prilocaine in high doses may cause an increase in the methaemoglobin level particularly in conjunction with methaemoglobin-inducing agents (e.g. sulphonamides). Clinically significant methaemoglobinaemia should be treated with a slow intravenous injection of methylthioninium chloride.
Should other symptoms of systemic toxicity occur, the signs are anticipated to be similar in nature to those following the administration of local anaesthetics by other routes. Local anaesthetic toxicity is manifested by symptoms of nervous system excitation and, in severe cases, central nervous and cardiovascular depression.
Severe neurological symptoms (convulsions, CNS depression) must be treated symptomatically by respiratory support and the administration of anticonvulsive medicinal products.
5. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Anaesthetics, amides, ATC code: N01BB20
Mechanism of action
Senstend provides topical anaesthesia to the glans penis. The active substances lidocaine and prilocaine block the transmission of nerve impulses in the glans penis, reducing the sensitivity of the glans penis. This is translated into a delaying of the ejaculatory latency time without adversely affecting the sensation of ejaculation.
Pharmacodynamic effects
Clinical trials have shown Senstend to increase the intra-vaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT), increase control over ejaculation and reduce the feelings of distress in patients with premature ejaculation as measured by the Index of Premature Ejaculation (IPE). The medicinal product has a rapid onset of action and is effective within 5 minutes of application. The effectiveness of the medicinal product has been demonstrated to persist on repeat use over time.
Clinical efficacy and safety
The efficacy of Senstend was demonstrated in two multi-centre, multinational, randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled studies, both followed by an open-label phase. Men satisfying the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) criteria for premature ejaculation (PE) who had a baseline IELT < 1 minutes in at least 2 of the first 3 sexual encounters during screening were eligible to enrol.
The effectiveness of Senstend in treating PE was assessed by measuring IELT and the co primary endpoints of ejaculatory control, sexual satisfaction, and distress using the IPE. During the 3 months of the double-blind treatment phase, the geometric mean IELT increased from 0.58 to 3.17 minutes in the Senstend group and from 0.56 to 0.94 minutes in the placebo group.
85.2% of subjects in the Senstend group achieved a mean IELT of > 1 minute over the course of
3 months of treatment with it, whereas 46.4% of the placebo subjects had a mean IELT of > 1 minute.
66.2% of Senstend-treated subjects and 18.8% of placebo-treated subjects achieved a mean IELT > 2 minutes.
The clinically significant increases in IELT were paralleled by significant differences in the IPE scores (p < 0.0001). Adjusted mean change scores (Senstend vs. placebo) at Month 3 were 8.2 vs. 2.2 for the ejaculatory control score, 7.2 vs. 1.9 for the sexual satisfaction score, and 3.7 vs. 1.1 for the distress score.
In Senstend-treated subjects, IELT and IPE scores increased at the first measured timepoint. Both IELT and IPE scores continued to increase slightly more throughout the remainder of the double-blind phase. The positive changes in IELT and IPE domain scores were maintained during the open-label treatment phase.
At each of the three monthly assessments all subjects completed a Premature Ejaculation Profile (PEP) questionnaire relating to perceived control over ejaculation, personal distress related to ejaculation, satisfaction with sexual intercourse, and interpersonal difficulty relating to ejaculation. The PEP scores followed a similar pattern of improvement to the IELT and IPE scores. For all of the three monthly assessments completed by the subjects, there was a significant difference between Senstend and placebo (p < 0.0001). Partners completed the PEP questionnaire at month three. There was also a significant difference over placebo in all domains for the responses from the partners (p < 0.0001).
Paediatric population
The European Medicines Agency has waived the obligation to submit the results of studies with Senstend in all subsets of the paediatric population in primary premature ejaculation (see section 4.2 for information on paediatric use).
5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
Absorption
The plasma levels of lidocaine and prilocaine in male and female subjects were below the level associated with toxicity (5,000 ng/ml). Male volunteers had maximum plasma concentrations of lidocaine which were less than 4% of toxic levels, and prilocaine which were less than 0.4% of toxic levels, after repeat dosing. Female volunteers receiving repeated doses directly to the cervix and vagina of up to five times the recommended dose for the male partner, had maximum plasma levels of lidocaine which were less than 8% of toxic levels, and prilocaine which were less than 1% of toxic levels.
Systemic exposure to lidocaine and prilocaine and their metabolites (respectively 2,6-xylidine and o -toluidine), is low following application to the glans penis in male patients and application to the cervix/vagina fornices in female subjects, at doses higher than recommended.
Distribution
Lidocaine
The steady-state volume of distribution is 1.1 to 2.1 L/kg after intravenous administration. Lidocaine is reported to be 66% bound by plasma proteins, including alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. Lidocaine can cross the blood brain barrier and the placenta and is distributed in breast milk.
Prilocaine
Following intravenous administration, the steady state volume of distribution of prilocaine is 0.7 to 4.4 L/kg. Prilocaine is reported to be 55% bound to plasma proteins, including alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. Prilocaine crosses the blood-brain barrier and also crosses the placenta. Prilocaine is also distributed in breast milk.
Biotransformation
Lidocaine is largely metabolised in the liver by cytochrome P450 (CYP 3A4) and probably to a minor extent in the skin. First pass metabolism is rapid and extensive and bioavailability is about 35% after oral doses.
Prilocaine is rapidly metabolised in both the liver, by cytochrome P450, and in the kidneys by amidases.
The metabolism of lidocaine and prilocaine results in the formation of 2,6-xylidine and o- toluidine, respectively, amongst other metabolites. Plasma levels of these metabolites detected after administration of Senstend in clinical trials were low in both male and female subjects, even after doses of it many times in excess of the clinical dose were applied. No 2,6-xylidine or o-toluidine was detectable at any time-point in vaginal fluids following local application of the medicinal product in female volunteers.
Elimination
Lidocaine
The terminal elimination half-life of lidocaine from the plasma following intravenous administration is approximately 65 – 150 minutes and the systemic clearance is 10 – 20 mL/min/kg. Lidocaine is excreted in the urine mainly as metabolites, with only a small proportion excreted unchanged.
Prilocaine
The elimination half-life of prilocaine following intravenous administration is approximately 10 – 150 minutes. The systemic clearance is 18 – 64 mL/min/kg. Prilocaine is excreted in the urine mainly as its metabolites, with only a small proportion excreted unchanged.
5.3 Preclinical safety data
Reproductive toxicity
Lidocaine
No teratogenic effects were observed in studies of embryonic/foetal development in rats and rabbits receiving doses during organogenesis. Embryotoxicity was observed in rabbits at doses toxic to the mother. The postnatal survival time of the offspring of rats treated during pregnancy and lactation with a dose toxic to the mother was shown to be reduced.
Prilocaine
In a study of pregnant rats receiving a combination of lidocaine and prilocaine during organogenesis, no effects on embryonic/foetal development were observed. There are however no systemic exposure data available for comparison with clinical exposure.
Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity
Lidocaine
Lidocaine was not genotoxic and the carcinogenic potential of lidocaine has not been studied. The lidocaine metabolite 2,6-xylidine has genotoxic potential in vitro. In a carcinogenicity study of rats exposed to 2,6-xylidine in utero , postnatally and throughout their lifetime, tumours in the nasal cavity, subcutaneous tumours and liver tumours were observed. The clinical relevance of tumour findings in relation to short-term/intermittent use of lidocaine in humans is unknown. Human exposure from Senstend is 20–30 fold less than the minimum dose that did not result in tumours and 200 fold less than the minimum dose that did result in tumours.
Prilocaine
Prilocaine was not genotoxic and the carcinogenic potential of prilocaine has not been studied. The prilocaine metabolite o -toluidine has genotoxic potential in vitro. In carcinogenicity studies of o -toluidine in rats, mice and hamsters, tumours were observed in several organs. The clinical relevance of tumour findings in respect of short-term/intermittent use of prilocaine in humans is unknown. Human exposure is 1000 fold less than than the minimum dose studied. Note, this dose did result in tumours.
Effect on fertility
In an in vitro study of rats Senstend has shown a reduction in sperm motility when 22.5 mg lidocaine and 7.5 mg prilocaine (i.e. the amount in 1 human dose) was in direct contact with rat sperm. However this study did not reproduce the circumstances of clinical use, as the concentration of Senstend in direct contact with the sperm would be many fold lower. The potential for reduction of sperm motility following the clinical use of the medicinal product can not be excluded; therefore it is not possible to state whether Senstend would prevent pregnancy.
6. PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS6.1 List of excipients
Norflurane
6.2 Incompatibilities
Deterioriation was observed when Senstend was used with polyurethane-based female and male condoms (see section 4.4). Patients should be advised to use alternative methods of contraception.
6.3 Shelf life
18 months.
After first use: 12 weeks
6.4 Special precautions for storage
Store below 25 °C. Do not freeze.
6.5 Nature and contents of container
Aluminium spray container with metering valve.
Each pack contains one spray container with 6.5 ml or 5 ml solution.
6.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling
The metal container is pressurised. It should not be punctured, broken or burnt, even when apparently empty.
A residual volume of fluid that is not usable will remain in the container after all doses have been administered.
Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
7. MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
Plethora Pharma Solutions Ltd.
32 Merrion Street Upper
Dublin 2
Ireland
8. MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER(S)
EU/1/19/1387/001
EU/1/19/1387/002
9. DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION
Date of first authorisation: