Summary of medicine characteristics - Meloxoral
SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS
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1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT
2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION
One ml contains:
Active substance:
Meloxicam 1.5 mg.
Excipient:
Sodium benzoate 1.75 mg.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM
Oral suspension.
Yellow/ green suspension.
4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS4.1 Target species
Dogs
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4.2 Indications for use, specifying the target species
Alleviation of inflammation and pain in both acute and chronic musculo-skeletal disorders in dogs.
4.3 Contraindications
Do not use in dogs suffering from gastrointestinal disorders such as irritation and haemorrhage, impaired hepatic, cardiac or renal function and haemorrhagic disorders.
Do not use in case of hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.
Do not use in dogs less than 6 weeks of age.
See section 4.7.
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4.4 Special warnings for each target species
None.
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4.5 Special precautions for use
Special precautions for use in animals
Avoid use in any dehydrated, hypovolaemic or hypotensive animal, as there is a potential risk of increased renal toxicity.
This product for dogs should not be used in cats as it is not suitable for use in this species. In cats, Meloxoral 0.5 mg/ml oral suspension for cats should be used.
Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals
People with known hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should avoid contact with the veterinary medicinal product.
In case of accidental ingestion, seek medical advice immediately and show the package leaflet or the label to the physician.
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4.6 Adverse reactions (frequency and seriousness)
Typical adverse reactions of NSAIDs such as loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhoea, faecal occult blood, apathy and renal failure have occasionally been reported. In very rare cases haemorrhagic diarrhoea, haematemesis, gastrointestinal ulceration and elevated liver enzymes have been reported. These adverse reactions occur generally within the first treatment week and are in most cases transient and disappear following termination of the treatment but in very rare cases may be serious or fatal.
If adverse reactions occur, treatment should be discontinued and the advice of a veterinarian should be sought.
The frequency of adverse reactions is defined using the following convention:
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– very common (more than 1 in 10 animals treated displaying adverse reaction(s))
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– common (more than 1 but less than 10 animals in 100 treated animals)
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– uncommon (more than 1 but less than 10 animals in 1,000 treated animals)
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– rare (more than 1 but less than 10 animals in 10,000 treated animals)
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– very rare (less than 1 animal in 10,000 treated animals, including isolated reports).
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4.7 Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay
The safety of the veterinary medicinal product has not been established during pregnancy and lactation. Do not use in pregnant or lactating animals.
4.8 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
Other NSAIDs, diuretics, anticoagulants, aminoglycoside antibiotics and substances with high protein binding may compete for binding and thus lead to toxic effects. Meloxoral must not be administered in conjunction with other NSAIDs or glucocorticosteroids.
Pre-treatment with anti-inflammatory substances may result in additional or increased adverse effects and accordingly a treatment-free period with such veterinary medicinal products should be observed for at least 24 hours before commencement of treatment. The treatment-free period, however, should take into account the pharmacokinetic properties of the products used previously.
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4.9 Amounts to be administered and administration route
Oral use.
To be administered either mixed with food or directly into the mouth.
Shake well before use.
Initial treatment is a single dose of 0.2 mg meloxicam/kg body weight on the first day. Treatment is to be continued once daily by oral administration (at 24-hour intervals) at a maintenance dose of 0.1 mg meloxicam/kg body weight.
For longer term treatment, once clinical response has been observed (after > 4 days), the dose of Meloxoral can be adjusted to the lowest effective individual dose reflecting that the degree of pain and inflammation associated with chronic musculo-skeletal disorders may vary over time.
Particular care should be taken with regard to the accuracy of dosing.
The suspension can be given using the measuring syringe provided in the package.
The syringe fits onto the drop dispenser of the bottle and has a kg-body weight scale which corresponds to the maintenance dose. Thus for initiation of the therapy on the first day, twice the maintenance volume will be required.
A clinical response is normally seen within 3–4 days. Treatment should be discontinued after 10 days at the latest if no clinical improvement is apparent.
Avoid introduction of contamination during use.
4.10 Overdose (symptoms, emergency procedures, antidotes), if necessary
In case of overdose symptomatic treatment should be initiated.
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4.11 Withdrawal period(s)
Not applicable.
5. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Musculo-skeletal system,antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products, non-steroids.
ATCvet code: QM01AC06.
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the oxicam class which acts by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-exudative and antipyretic effects. It reduces leukocyte infiltration into the inflamed tissue. To a minor extent it also inhibits collagen-induced thrombocyte aggregation. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that meloxicam inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to a greater extent than cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1).
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5.2 Pharmacokinetic particulars
Absorption
Meloxicam is completely absorbed following oral administration and maximal plasma concentrations are obtained after approximately 4.5 hours. When the product is used according to the recommended dosage regime, steady state concentrations of meloxicam in plasma are reached on the second day of treatment.
Distribution
There is a linear relationship between the dose administered and plasma concentration observed in the therapeutic dose range. Approximately 97% of meloxicam is bound to plasma proteins. The volume of distribution is 0.3 l/kg.
Metabolism
Meloxicam is predominantly found in plasma and is also a major biliary excretion product whereas urine contains only traces of the parent compound. Meloxicam is metabolised to an alcohol, an acid derivative and to several polar metabolites. All major metabolites have been shown to be pharmacologically inactive.
Elimination
Meloxicam is eliminated with a half-life of 24 hours. Approximately 75% of the administered dose is eliminated via faeces and the remainder via urine.
6. PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS6.1 List of excipients
Sodium benzoate
Sorbitol
Glycerol
Polysorbate 80
Disodium phosphate dodecahydrate
Silica, colloidal anhydrous
Hydroxyethylcellulose
Citric acid monohydrate
Sodium cyclamate
Sucralose
Anise aroma
Water, purified
6.2 Major incompatibilities
None known.
6.3 Shelf life
Shelf life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 3 years.
Shelf life after first opening the immediate packaging: 6 months.
6.4 Special precautions for storage
This veterinary medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.
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6.5 Nature and composition of immediate packaging
Polyethylene bottle containing 10 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml, 125 ml or 180 ml with a tamper proof child resistant closure and a polypropylene measuring syringe.
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.
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6.6 Special precautions for the disposal of unused veterinary medicinal products or waste materials derived from the use of such products
Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal products should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
7. MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
Dechra Regulatory B.V.
Handelsweg 25
5531 AE Bladel
THE NETHERLANDS
8. MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBERS
EU/2/10/111/005 10 ml
EU/2/10/111/001 25 ml
EU/2/10/111/002 50 ml
EU/2/10/111/003 125 ml
EU/2/10/111/008 180 ml
9. DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION
Date of first authorisation: 19/11/2010.
Date of last renewal: 08/09/2015
10. DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT
Detailed information on this veterinary medicinal product is available on the website of the European
Medicines Agency.
PROHIBITION OF SALE, SUPPLY AND/OR USE
Not applicable.
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1. NAME OF THE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCT
2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION
One ml contains:
Active substance:
Meloxicam 0.5 mg.
Excipient:
Sodium benzoate 1.75 mg.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM
Oral suspension.
Yellow/ green suspension.
4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS4.1 Target species
Cats
-
4.2 Indications for use, specifying the target species
Alleviation of pain and inflammation in chronic musculo-skeletal disorders in cats.
4.3 Contraindications
Do not use in cats suffering from gastrointestinal disorders such as irritation and haemorrhage, impaired hepatic, cardiac or renal function and haemorrhagic disorders.
Do not use in case of hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.
Do not use in cats less than 6 weeks of age.
See section 4.7.
-
4.4 Special warnings for each target species
None.
-
4.5 Special precautions for use
Special precautions for use in animals
Avoid use in any dehydrated, hypovolaemic or hypotensive animal, as there is a potential risk of renal toxicity.
Response to long-term therapy should be monitored at regular intervals by a veterinary surgeon.
Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals
People with known hypersensitivity to NSAIDs should avoid contact with the veterinary medicinal product.
In case of accidental ingestion, seek medical advice immediately and show the package leaflet or the label to the physician.
-
4.6 Adverse reactions (frequency and seriousness)
Typical adverse reactions of NSAIDs such as loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhoea, faecal occult blood, apathy and renal failure have occasionally been reported. In very rare cases elevated liver enzymes have been reported. These adverse reactions are in most cases transient and disappear following termination of the treatment but in very rare cases may be serious or fatal.
If adverse reactions occur, treatment should be discontinued and the advice of a veterinarian should be sought.
The frequency of adverse reactions is defined using the following convention:
-
– very common (more than 1 in 10 animals treated displaying adverse reaction(s))
-
– common (more than 1 but less than 10 animals in 100 animals treated)
-
– uncommon (more than 1 but less than 10 animals in 1,000 animals treated)
-
– rare (more than 1 but less than 10 animals in 10,000 animals treated)
-
– very rare (less than 1 animal in 10,000 animals treated, including isolated reports).
-
4.7 Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay
The safety of the veterinary medicinal product has not been established during pregnancy and lactation. Do not use in pregnant or lactating animals.
4.8 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
Other NSAIDs, diuretics, anticoagulants, aminoglycoside antibiotics and substances with high protein binding may compete for binding and thus lead to toxic effects. Meloxoral must not be administered in conjunction with other NSAIDs or glucocorticosteroids. Concurrent administration of potential nephrotoxic veterinary medicinal products should be avoided.
Pre-treatment with anti-inflammatory substances may result in additional or increased adverse effects and accordingly a treatment-free period with such veterinary medicinal products should be observed for at least 24 hours before commencement of treatment. The treatment-free period, however, should take into account the pharmacokinetic properties of the products used previously.
-
4.9 Amounts to be administered and administration route
Oral use.
To be administered either mixed with food or directly into the mouth.
Shake well before use.
Initial treatment is a single oral dose of 0.1 mg meloxicam/kg body weight on the first day. Treatment is to be continued once daily by oral administration (at 24-hour intervals) at a maintenance dose of 0.05 mg meloxicam/kg body weight.
Particular care should be taken with regard to the accuracy of dosing. The recommended dose should not be exceeded.
The suspension can be given using the measuring syringe provided in the package. The syringe fits onto the drop dispenser of the bottle and has a kg-body weight scale which corresponds to the maintenance dose. Thus for initiation of the therapy on the first day, twice the maintenance volume will be required.
A clinical response is normally seen within 7 days. Treatment should be discontinued after 14 days at the latest if no clinical improvement is apparent.
Avoid introduction of contamination during use.
4.10 Overdose (symptoms, emergency procedures, antidotes), if necessary
Meloxicam has a narrow therapeutic safety margin in cats and clinical signs of overdose may be seen at relatively small overdose levels.
In case of overdose, adverse reactions, as listed in section 4.6, are expected to be more severe and more frequent. In case of overdose symptomatic treatment should be initiated.
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4.11 Withdrawal period(s)
Not applicable.
5. PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Musculo-skeletal system, antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products, non-steroids.
ATCvet code: QM01AC06.
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the oxicam class which acts by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-exudative and antipyretic effects. It reduces leukocyte infiltration into the inflamed tissue. To a minor extent it also inhibits collagen-induced thrombocyte aggregation. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that meloxicam inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to a greater extent than cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1).
-
5.2 Pharmacokinetic particulars
Absorption
If the animal is fasted when dosed, the maximal plasma concentrations are obtained after approximately 3 hours. If the animal is fed at the time of dosing, the absorption may be slightly delayed.
Distribution
There is a linear relationship between the dose administered and plasma concentration observed in the therapeutic dose range. Approximately 97% of meloxicam is bound to plasma proteins.
Metabolism
Meloxicam is predominantly found in plasma and is also a major biliary excretion product whereas urine contains only traces of the parent compound. Meloxicam is metabolised to an alcohol, an acid derivative and to several polar metabolites. All major metabolites have been shown to be pharmacologically inactive. As for other species investigated, the main pathway of meloxicam biotransformation in cat is oxidation.
Elimination
Meloxicam is eliminated with a half-life of 24 hours. The detection of metabolites from the parent compound in urine and faeces, but not in plasma is indicative for their rapid excretion. Approximately 75 % of the administered dose is eliminated via faeces and the remainder via urine.
6. PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS6.1 List of excipients
Sodium benzoate
Sorbitol
Glycerol
Polysorbate 80
Disodium phosphate dodecahydrate
Silica, colloidal anhydrous
Hydroxyethylcellulose
Citric acid monohydrate
Sodium cyclamate
Sucralose
Anise aroma
Water, purified
6.2 Major incompatibilities
None known.
6.3 Shelf life
Shelf life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 3 years.
Shelf life after first opening the immediate packaging: 6 months.
6.4 Special precautions for storage
This veterinary medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.
-
6.5 Nature and composition of immediate packaging
Polyethylene bottle containing 5 ml, 10 ml or 25 ml with a tamper proof child resistant closure and a polypropylene measuring syringe.
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.
-
6.6 Special precautions for the disposal of unused veterinary medicinal products or waste materials derived from the use of such products
7. MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
Dechra Regulatory B.V.
Handelsweg 25
5531 AE Bladel
THE NETHERLANDS
8. MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBERS
EU/2/10/111/007 5 ml
EU/2/10/111/006 10 ml
EU/2/10/111/004 25 ml
9. DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION
Date of first authorisation: 19/11/2010.
Date of last renewal: 08/09/2015