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HISTALIX SYRUP - summary of medicine characteristics

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Summary of medicine characteristics - HISTALIX SYRUP

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT

1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT

Histalix Syrup

2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION

Each 5ml contains :-

Diphenhydramine HCl      14.00 mg

Ammonium Chloride       135.00 mg

Levomenthol                1­.10 mg

For full list of excipients, see section 6.1

3 PHARMACEUTICAL FORM

3 PHARMACEUTICAL FORM

Oral Solution

Appearance: clear red to maroon coloured syrup.

4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS

4.1 Therapeutic indications

For the oral symptomatic relief of troublesome cough associated with upper respiratory tract congestion and aids restful sleep

4.2 Posology and method of administration

Posology

One to two 5ml spoonfuls to be taken every 4 hours

To aid sleep the patient may start with two 5ml spoonfuls at bedtime followed by two 5ml spoonfuls every 6 hours.

Not suitable for children under 12 years.

Do not take more than 4 doses (1 dose = two 5ml spoonfuls) in 24 hours.

Do not exceed the stated dose.

Method of Administration

Oral

4.3 Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients.

Children below 12 years of age.

Patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitor therapy within previous 14 days (see Section 4.5).

4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use

Do not combine with other treatments for coughs and colds.

Histalix syrup should be used with caution in patients with the following conditions : prostatic hypertrophy, urinary retention, susceptibility to ‘closed angle’ glaucoma and hepatic disease.

Histalix Syrup may cause drowsiness.

Seek medical advice when suffering from chronic or persistent cough and when also suffering from asthma, and acute asthmatic attack or where cough is accompanied by excessive secretions

Keep out of the reach and sight of children.

Excipient Warnings:

Ponceau 4R may cause allergic reactions.

Glycerol may cause headache, stomach upset and diarrhoea

Parahydroxyben­zoates may cause allergic reactions (possible delayed) and exceptionally bronchospasm.

Propylene Glycol may cause alcoholic like symptoms.

Sucrose: Patients with rare hereditary problems of fructose intolerance, glucosegalactose malabsorption or sucrose-isomaltase insufficiency should not take this medicine.

4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

Additive CNS depressant effects with alcohol and other CNS depressants including barbiturates, hypnotics, opiod analgesics, anxiolytic sedatives and antipsychotics.

Additive anti-muscarinic effects with other drugs of similar properties such as atropine and some anti-depressants.

Not to be taken in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 of stopping treatment as there is a risk of serotonin syndrome.

Diphenhydramine can inhibit the oxidative metabolism of some drugs.

Diphenhydramine may enhance the effects of ephedrine.

Diphenhydramine may mask the response of the skin to allergenic skin tests and also the ototoxic symptoms associated with certain antibiotics.

CLINICAL PARTICULARS.

4.6 Pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy

In view of the potential risks versus small benefits, it is recommended that Histalix syrup should not be used during pregnancy particularly as the safety of Histalix in human pregnancy is not established.

Lactation

In view of the potential risks versus small benefits, it is recommended that Histalix syrup should not be used during lactation particularly as the safety of Histalix in human pregnancy is not established.

4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines

Histalix syrup may cause drowsiness. Do not drive or operate machinery.

Avoid alcoholic drink.

4.8 Undesirable effects

The overall percentage of treated patients expected to experience adverse reactions is unknown.

Common side effects include:

CNS effects such as nervous drowsiness (usually diminishes within a few days), paradoxical stimulation, nervous headache, nervous psychomotor impairment.

Anti-muscarinic effects such as urinary retention, dry mouth, blurred vision, gastrointestinal disturbances and thickened respiratory tract secretions.

Rare side effects include:

Hypotension, extrapyramidal effects, dizziness, confusion, depression, sleep disturbances, tremor, convulsions, palpitation, arrhythmia, hypersensitivity reactions, blood disorders and liver dysfunction.

Organ system

Common ADRs,

Uncommon ADRs,

Rare ADRs

Class

>1/100, < 1/10

>1/1,000, <1/100

>1/10,000, <1/1000

Organ system Class

Common ADRs, >1/100, < 1/10

Uncommon ADRs, >1/1,000, <1/100

Rare ADRs >1/10,000, <1/1000

Blood Lymphatic System Disorder

Blood Disorders NOS

Cardiac Disorder

Palpitation, arrhythmia

Eye Disorders

Blurred vision

Gastrointestinal Disorder

Dry mouth, gastrointestinal disturbance

General Disorder

Paradoxical drug reaction

Hepatobiliary Disorder

Liver Disorder

Immune System Disorders

Hypersensitivity

Nervous System Disorders

Psychomotor skills impairment, drowsiness, headache

Tremor, convulsions, extrapyramidal disorder, dizziness

Psychiatric Disorders

Confusion, depression, sleep disturbances

Renal and Urinary Disorder

Urinary retention

Respiratory Disorder

Increased upper airway secretion

Vascular Disorders

Hypertension

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme, Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard.

4.9 Overdose

4.9 Overdose

Symptoms of overdosage include those due to diphenhydramine or levomenthol (drowsiness, dizziness, ataxia, anti-cholinergic effects, pyrexia, headaches, convulsions, hallucinations, excitement and respiratory depression).

Treatment consists of gastric lavage and aspiration. Administration of activated charcoal may help. Other symptomatic and supportive measures should be provided.

5 PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Antihistamines for systemic use

ATC Code: R06AA52

Diphenhydramine May suppress cough centre (mechanism unknown). Subjective relief of effects of allergic stimuli. Taken at night will assist sleeping

Ammonium Chloride „Traditional“ Expectorant. May induce mild acidosis which is counteracted by the excipient sodium citrate.

Levomenthol Subjective relief of upper respiratory congestion. Whilst retained as a thick syrup in buccal cavity and throat provides cooling effect

5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties

Diphenhydramine

Is a histamine receptor antagonist, Main site of metabolic transformation is the liver,

Oral availability – 50%, Plasma bound – 80%, Half life – 4 hours

Ammonium Chloride

Effectively absorbed from GI tract.

Ammonium Ion converted to urea by the liver.

Acid ion released gives mild metabolic acidosis.

Levomenthol

After absorption Levomenthol is excreted in the urine and bile as a glucuronide.

5 PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

5.3 Preclinical safety data

There are no preclinical data of relevance, within are additional to those already included in other sections of the SmPC.

6 PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS

6.1 List of excipients

Sucrose, Sodium Saccharin, Ponceau 4R (E124), Propylene Glycol, Raspberry

Flavour, Nipastat (methylparahy­droxybenzoate E218, ethylparahydro­xybenzoate E215, propylparahydro­xybenzoate E216, butylparahydro­xybenzoate), Sodium Citrate, Glycerin, Purified Water.

6 PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS

6.2 Incompatibilities

See Section 4.5

6.3 Shelf life

36 months

6.4 Special precautions for storage

Store below 30°C

6.5 Nature and contents of container

6.6    Special precautions for disposal

7 MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER

8.   MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER