BEECHAMS COLD & FLU HOT LEMON, BEECHAMS WARMERS LEMON, BEECHAMS HOT LEMON - summary of medicine characteristics

1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT

Beechams Hot Lemon

or

Beechams Warmers Lemon

or

Beechams Cold & Flu Hot Lemon

2 Qualitative and Quantitative Composition

Active Constituents

mg / 6g powder

Paracetamol                        6­00.00

Phenylephrine Hydrochloride         10.00

Excipients:

Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)        40

Excipients of known effect:

Sucrose

Sodium

3 PHARMACEUTICAL FORM

Powder

4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS

4.1 Therapeutic indications

The relief of symptoms of influenza, feverishness, chills and feverish colds including headache, sore throat pain, aches and pains, nasal congestion, sinusitis and its associated pain, and acute nasal catarrh

4.2 Posology and Method of Administration

Directions for use

Empty contents of sachet into beaker. Half fill with very hot water. Stir well. Add cold water as necessary and sugar if desired.

Recommended Dose and Dosage Schedule

Adults (including elderly) and children aged 16 years and over:

One sachet to be taken every four to six hours, as necessary. Do not exceed six sachets per 24 hours.

The lowest dose necessary to achieve efficacy should be used for the shortest duration of treatment.

Do not take continuously for more than 7 days without medical advice.

Not to be given to children under 16 years, of age except on medical advice.

4.3 Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to paracetamol or any of the other constituents.

Concomitant use of other sympathomimetic decongestants

Phaeochromocytoma

Closed angle glaucoma

An enlargement of the prostate gland

Hypertensive patients or those taking or have taken in the last two weeks monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants or beta-blockers (see section 4.5).

Hepatic or renal impairment, diabetes, hyperthyroidism and cardiovascular disease.

4.4 Special Warnings and Precautions for use

Contains paracetamol. Care is advised in the administration of paracetamol to patients with severe renal or severe hepatic impairment. The concomitant use with other products containing paracetamol may lead to an overdose. Paracetamol overdose may cause liver failure which may require liver transplant or lead to death. The hazard of overdose is greater in those with non-cirrhotic alcoholic liver disease.

Medical advice should be sought before taking this product in patients with these conditions:

Occlusive Vascular disease (e.g. Raynaud’s Phe­nomenon) Glutathione depletion due to metabolic deficiencies

Use with caution in patients taking the following medications (see Interactions).

Digoxin and cardiac glycosides

Ergot alkaloids (e.g. ergotamine and methysergide)

This product should not be used by patients taking other sympathomimetics (such as decongestants, appetite suppressants and amphetamine-like psychostimulants).

Patients with rare hereditary problems of fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption or sucrase-isomaltase insufficiency should not take this medicine.

Contains 4g sucrose per dose. This should be taken into account in patients with diabetes.

This medicinal product contains 130 mg sodium per dose. To be taken into consideration by patients on a controlled sodium diet.

Do not exceed the stated dose.

Patients should be advised not to take other paracetamol-containing or any other cold, flu or decongestant products concurrently.

Medical advice should sought if symptoms worsen, persist for more than 7 days, or are accompanied by high fever, skin rash or persistent headache.

Keep out of the reach and sight of children.

Special label warnings

Do not take with other flu, cold or decongestant products. Do not take with any other paracetamol-containing products.

Immediate medical advice should be sought in the event of an overdose, even if you feel well.

Special leaflet warnings

Immediate medical advice should be sought in the event of an overdose, even if you feel well, because of the risk of delayed, serious liver damage.

4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction The speed of absorption of paracetamol may be increased by metoclopramide or domperidone and absorption reduced by colestyramine. The anticoagulant effect of warfarin and other coumarins may be enhanced by prolonged regular daily use of paracetamol with increased risk of bleeding, occasional doses have no significant effect.

Phenylephrine should be used with caution in combination with the following drugs as interactions have been reported

4.6 Pregnancy and lactation

Due to the phenylephrine content this product should not be used in pregnancy or whilst breast-feeding without medical advice. This product should not be used during pregnancy or lactation unless the expected benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the foetus or newborn. The lowest effective dose and shortest duration of treatment should be considered. Phenylephrine may be excreted in breast milk.

4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines

Patients should be advised not to drive or operate machinery if affected by dizziness.

4.8 Undesirable effectsParacetamol

Adverse events from historical clinical trial data are both infrequent and from small patient exposure. Accordingly, events reported from extensive postmarketing experience at therapeutic/la­belled dose and considered attributable are tabulated below by system class. Due to limited clinical trial data, the frequency of these adverse events is not known (cannot be estimated from available data), but post-marketing experience indicates that adverse reactions to paracetamol are rare and serious reactions are very rare.

There have been cases of bronchospasm with paracetamol, but these are more likely in asthmatics sensitive to aspirin or other NSAIDs.

The following adverse events have been observed in clinical trials with phenylephrine and may therefore represent the most commonly occurring adverse events.

Adverse reactions identified during post-marketing use are listed below. The frequency of these reactions is unknown but likely to be rare.

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App store.

4.9 Overdose

Paracetamol

Liver damage is possible in adults who have taken 10g or more of paracetamol. Ingestion of 5g or more of paracetamol may lead to liver damage if the patient has risk factors (see below).

Risk factors:

If the patient

a. Is on long term treatment with carbamazepine, phenobarbitone, phenytoin, primidone, rifampicin, St John's Wort or other drugs that induce liver enzymes.

OR

b. Regularly consumes ethanol in excess of recommended amounts.

OR

c. Is likely to be glutathione deplete e.g. eating disorders, cystic fibrosis, HIV infection, starvation, cachexia.

Symptoms:

Symptoms of paracetamol overdosage in the first 24 hours are pallor, nausea, vomiting, anorexia and abdominal pain. Liver damage may become apparent 12 to 48 hours after ingestion. Abnormalities of glucose metabolism and metabolic acidosis may occur. In severe poisoning, hepatic failure may progress to encephalopathy, haemorrhage, hypoglycaemia, cerebral oedema, and death. Acute renal failure with acute tubular necrosis, strongly suggested by loin pain, haematuria and proteinuria, may develop even in the absence of severe liver damage. Cardiac arrhythmias and pancreatitis have been reported.

Management:

Immediate treatment is essential in the management of paracetamol overdose. Despite a lack of significant early symptoms, patients should be referred to hospital urgently for immediate medical attention. Symptoms may be limited to nausea or vomiting and may not reflect the severity of overdose or the risk of organ damage. Management should be in accordance with established treatment guidelines, see BNF overdose section.

Treatment with activated charcoal should be considered if the overdose has been taken within 1 hour. Plasma paracetamol concentration should be measured at 4 hours or later after ingestion (earlier concentrations are unreliable). Treatment with N-acetylcysteine may be used up to 24 hours after ingestion of paracetamol, however, the maximum protective effect is obtained up to 8 hours post-ingestion. The effectiveness of the antidote declines sharply after this time. If required the patient should be given intravenous N-acetylcysteine, in line with the established dosage schedule. If vomiting is not a problem, oral methionine may be a suitable alternative for remote areas, outside hospital. Management of patients who present with serious hepatic dysfunction beyond 24 hours from ingestion should be discussed with the NPIS or a liver unit.

Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Symptoms and signs:

Phenylephrine overdosage is likely to result in effects similar to those listed under adverse reactions. Additional symptoms may include hypertension and possibly reflux bradycardia. In severe cases confusion, hallucinations, seizures and arrythmias may occur. However the amount required to produce serious phenylephrine toxicity would be greater than required to cause paracetamol-related toxicity.

Treatment

Treatment should be as clinically appropriate. Severe hypertension may need to be treated with an alpha blocking drug such as phentolamine.

5 PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties

Paracetamol provides the analgesic and antipyretic actions.

Phenylephrine Hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic agent and provides relief from nasal congestion due to its vasoconstrictor action.

5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties

Paracetamol – Is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is metabolised in the liver and excreted in the urine, mainly as glucuronide and sulphate conjugates.

Phenylephrine Hydrochloride – Due to irregular absorption and first pass metabolism by monoamine oxidase in the gut and liver, phenylephrine has reduced bioavailability from the gastrointestinal tract. It is excreted in the urine almost entirely as the sulphate conjugate.

5.3 Preclinical safety data

None

6 PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS

6.1 List of excipients

Ascorbic Acid, Sucrose, Sodium citrate, Citric acid, Maize starch, Sodium cyclamate, Saccharin sodium, Colloidal anhydrous silica, Lemon Flavour, Natural curcumin (E100).

6.2 Incompatibilities

None stated.

6.3 Shelf life

36 months.

6.4 Special precautions for storage

Store below 25°C.

6.5 Nature and contents of container

The product is packed in either laminate sachets comprising paper / polythene / aluminium foil / polythene or child resistant laminate composed of polyethylene terephthalate/po­lyethylene/Alu­minium foil/ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer. Five or ten sachets may be contained in a box board carton.

6.6 Special precautions for disposal

None